Jntuk R16 Distributed Systems Lecture notes download for only Rs.10 below
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Course Targets:
This course is meant to impart data of rules of warmth switch and analyze the warmth alternate course of
in varied modes for the analysis of charge of warmth switch and the temperature distribution in numerous
configurations.
UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION: Modes and mechanisms of warmth switch – fundamental legal guidelines of warmth switch –Common dialogue
about purposes of warmth switch.
CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Fourier charge equation – common warmth conduction equation in cartesian,
cylindrical and Spherical coordinates. Regular, unsteady and periodic warmth switch – preliminary and boundary
circumstances.
ONE DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Homogeneous slabs, hole
cylinders and spheres – total warmth switch coefficient – electrical analogy – essential radius of insulationVariable thermal conductivity – methods with warmth sources or warmth technology,
UNIT – II
prolonged floor (fins) warmth Switch – lengthy fin, fin with insulated tip and brief fin, software to error
measurement of temperature.
ONE DIMENSIONAL TRANSIENT CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER: Programs with negligible inside
resistance – significance of biot and fourier numbers – chart options of transient conduction methods
UNIT – III
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER: Classification of convective warmth switch – dimensional evaluation as a software
for experimental investigation – Buckingham Pi Theorem for pressured and free convection, software for
creating semi – empirical non- dimensional correlation for convective warmth switch – Significance of nondimensional numbers – ideas of continuity, momentum and Vitality Equations.
UNIT –IV
FORCED CONVECTION
EXTERNAL FLOWS: Ideas about hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer and use of empirical
correlations for convective warmth switch -flat plates and cylinders.
INTERNAL FLOWS: Ideas about hydrodynamic and thermal entry lengths – division of inside move primarily based
on this –use of empirical relations for horizontal pipe move and annulus move.
FREE CONVECTION: Growth of hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer alongside a vertical plate – use
of empirical relations for vertical plates and pipes.
III 12 months – II Semester
L T P C
Four zero zero 3
HEAT TRANSFER
UNIT V
HEAT TRANSFER WITH PHASE CHANGE
BOILING: Pool boiling – regimes- calculations on nucleate boiling, essential warmth flux and movie boiling.
CONDENSATION: Movie smart and drop smart condensation –Nusselt’s concept of condensation on a vertical plate
– movie condensation on vertical and horizontal cylinders utilizing empirical correlations.
HEAT EXCHANGERS:
Classification of warmth exchangers – total warmth switch coefficient and fouling issue – ideas of LMTD and
NTU strategies – Issues.
UNIT VI
RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER:
Emission traits and legal guidelines of black-body radiation – Irradiation – whole and monochromatic portions –
legal guidelines of Planck, Wien, Kirchoff, Lambert, Stefan and Boltzmann– warmth alternate between two black our bodies –
ideas of form issue – Emissivity – warmth alternate between gray our bodies – radiation shields – electrical
analogy for radiation networks.
Textual content Books:
1. Warmth Switch /JP HOLMAN/TMH
2. Warmth Switch /P.Ok.Nag/ TMH
3. Ideas of Warmth Switch /Frank Kreith, RM Manglik & MS Bohn/Cengage studying publishers
References:
1. Warmth and Mass Switch /Arora and Domkundwar/Dhanpatrai & sons
2. Fundamentals of Engg. Warmth and Mass Switch / R.C.Sachdeva / New Age Worldwide
3. Warmth and Mass Switch /Cengel/McGraw Hill.
4. Warmth and Mass Switch /D.S.Kumar / S.Ok.Kataria & Sons
5. A Textual content guide on Warmth Switch-4th Version/ S.P Sukhatme/Universities Press
Course outcomes:
The coed after present process this course is anticipated to know the rules of warmth switch and be capable to
apply to sensible conditions the place in warmth alternate takes place by means of varied modes of warmth switch together with
part change.
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Course goals:
The course is to know the essential cycles of assorted refrigerating programs, their efficiency analysis alongside
with particulars of system elements and refrigerant properties. The course can also be geared toward imparting data of
psychrometric properties, processes that are utilized in air-conditioning programs for consolation and industrial
purposes.
UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION TO REFRIGERATION: Necessity and purposes – unit of refrigeration and C.O.P. –
Mechanical refrigeration – varieties of supreme cycles of refrigeration. air refrigeration: bell coleman cycle – open and
dense air programs – refrigeration programs utilized in air crafts and issues.
UNIT – II
VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION: Working precept and important elements of the plant –
easy vapour compression refrigeration cycle – COP – illustration of cycle on T-S and p-h charts – impact of
sub cooling and tremendous heating – cycle evaluation – precise cycle affect of assorted parameters on system
efficiency – use of p-h charts – numerical issues.
UNIT III
REFRIGERANTS – Fascinating properties – classification – refrigerants used – nomenclature – ozone depletion –
international warming
VCR SYSTEM COMPONENTS: Compressors – basic classification – comparability – benefits and
disadvantages. condensers – classification – working rules evaporators – classification – working rules
growth gadgets – varieties – working rules
UNIT IV
VAPOR ABSORPTION SYSTEM: Calculation of most COP – description and dealing of NH3 – water
system and Li Br –water ( Two shell & 4 shell) System, precept of operation three fluid absorption system,
salient options.
STEAM JET REFRIGERATION SYSTEM: Working Precept and fundamental elements. precept and operation
of (i) thermoelectric fridge (ii) vortex tube.
UNIT – V
INTRODUCTION TO AIR CONDITIONING: Psychometric properties & processes – characterization of
wise and latent warmth hundreds –– want for air flow, consideration of infiltration – load ideas of RSHF,
GSHF- issues, idea of ESHF and ADP temperature.
Necessities of human consolation and idea of efficient temperature- consolation chart –consolation air con –
necessities of business air con, air con load calculations.
III 12 months – II Semester
L T P C
four zero zero 3
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
UNIT – VI
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS: Classification of apparatus, cooling, heating humidification and
dehumidification, filters, grills and registers, followers and blowers. warmth pump – warmth sources – completely different warmth pump
circuits.
Textual content Books:
1. A Course in Refrigeration and Air con / SC Arora & Domkundwar / Dhanpatrai
2. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning / CP Arora / TMH.
References:
1. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning / Manohar Prasad / New Age.
2. Rules of Refrigeration /Dossat / Pearson Schooling.
3. Primary Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning / Ananthanarayanan / TMH
Course outcomes: On the finish of the course the scholars ought to be capable to:
After present process the course the coed ought to be ready to research varied refrigerating cycles and
consider their efficiency. The coed additionally ought to be capable to carry out cooling load calculations and choose the
acceptable course of and gear for the required consolation and industrial air-conditioning.
Course Targets:
The course focuses on imparting the ideas of measurement which incorporates the working mechanism of
varied sensors and units, which are in use to measure the vital bodily variables of varied mechatronic
techniques.
UNIT – I
Definition – Primary ideas of measurement – measurement techniques, generalized configuration and purposeful
descriptions of measuring devices – examples. dynamic efficiency traits – sources of error,
classification and elimination of error.
Measurement of Displacement: Idea and building of varied transducers to measure displacement –
piezo electrical, inductive, capacitance, resistance, ionization and picture electrical transducers, calibration procedures.
UNIT – II
MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE: Classification – ranges – varied ideas of measurement –
enlargement, electrical resistance – thermister – thermocouple – pyrometers – temperature indicators.
MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE: Models – classification – totally different ideas used. manometers, piston,
bourdon strain gauges, bellows – diaphragm gauges. low strain measurement – thermal conductivity gauges
– ionization strain gauges, Mcleod strain gauge.
UNIT – III
MEASUREMENT OF LEVEL : Direct methodology – oblique strategies – capacitative, ultrasonic, magnetic,
cryogenic gas degree indicators – bubler degree indicators.
FLOW MEASUREMENT: Rotameter, magnetic, ultrasonic, turbine circulation meter, scorching – wire anemometer, laser
Doppler anemometer (LDA).
MEASUREMENT OF SPEED : Mechanical tachometers – electrical tachometers – stroboscope, noncontact
kind of tachometer
Measurement of Acceleration and Vibration: Totally different easy devices – ideas of seismic devices
– Vibrometer and accelerometer utilizing this precept.
UNIT – IV
STRESS STRAIN MEASUREMENTS : Varied kinds of stress and pressure measurements – electrical pressure
gauge – gauge issue – methodology of utilization of resistance pressure gauge for bending compressive and tensile strains –
utilization for measuring torque, pressure gauge rosettes.
III 12 months – II Semester
L T P C
Four zero zero 3
INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS
UNIT – V
MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY – Moisture content material of gases, sling psychrometer, absorption psychrometer,
dew level meter.
MEASUREMENT OF FORCE, TORQUE AND POWER- Elastic power meters, load cells, torsion meters,
dynamometers.
UNIT – VI
ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS : Introduction, significance – classification – open and closed techniques,
servomechanisms–examples with block diagrams–temperature, velocity & place management techniques.
Textual content Books:
1. Measurement Programs: Functions & design / D.S Kumar/
2. Mechanical Measurements / BeckWith, Marangoni,Linehard, Pearson
References:
1. Measurement techniques: Utility and design/Doeblin Earnest. O. Adaptation/ TMH
2. Experimental Strategies for Engineers / J.P.Holman/McGraw Hill
3. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements / R.Okay. Jain/ Khanna Publishers.
4. Instrumentation, measurement & evaluation / B.C.Nakra & Okay.Okay.Choudhary/TMH
Course outcomes:
After present process the course the coed can choose acceptable machine for the measurement of parameters like
temperature, strain, velocity, stress, humidity, circulation velocity and many others., and justify its use by way of traits and
efficiency
Course aims:
The scholars will study
1. Inspection of engineering elements with varied precision devices
2. Design of half, tolerances and matches
3. Rules of measuring devices and gauges and their makes use of
4. Analysis and inspection of floor roughness
5. Inspection of spur gear and thread parts
6. Machine instrument testing to judge machine instrument high quality
UNIT-I
SYSTEMS OF LIMITS AND FITS: Introduction, nominal dimension, tolerance, limits, deviations, matches -Unilateral
and bilateral tolerance system, gap and shaft foundation systems- interchangeability, determistic & statistical
tolerances, selective meeting. Worldwide commonplace system of tolerances, number of limits and tolerances for
right functioning.
UNIT-II
LINEAR MEASUREMENT: Size requirements, finish requirements, slip gauges- calibration of the slip gauges, dial
indicators, micrometers.
MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES AND TAPERS:
Completely different strategies – bevel protractor, angle slip gauges- angle dekkor- spirit levels- sine bar- sine desk, rollers
and spheres used to measure angles and tapers.
LIMIT GAUGES:
Taylor’s precept – design of go and no go gauges; plug, ring, snap, hole, taper, profile and place gauges.
UNIT-III
OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS: Instruments maker’s microscope and makes use of – autocollimators, optical
projector, optical flats and their makes use of.
INTERFEROMETRY:
Interference of sunshine, Michelson’s interferometer, NPL flatness interferometer, and NPL gauge interferometer.
UNIT-IV
SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT: Variations between floor roughness and floor waviness –
Numerical evaluation of floor finish-CLA, Rt., R.M.S. Rz, R10 values, Technique of measurement of floor
end – Profilograph, Talysurf, ISI symbols for indication of floor end.
COMPARATORS: Sorts – mechanical, optical , electrical and digital, pneumatic comparators and their
makes use of.
III 12 months – II Semester
L T P C
Four zero zero 3
METROLOGY
UNIT – V
GEAR MEASUREMENT: Nomenclature of substances tooth, tooth thickness measurement with gear tooth vernier &
flange micro meter, pitch measurement, complete composite error and tooth to tooth composite errors, rolling gear
tester, involute profile checking.
SCREW THREAD MEASUREMENT: Parts of measurement – errors in screw threads- idea of digital
efficient diameter, measurement of efficient diameter, angle of thread and thread pitch, and profile thread
gauges.
UNIT – VI
FLATNESS MEASUREMENT:
Measurement of flatness of surfaces- devices used- straight edges- floor plates – auto collimator.
MACHINE TOOL ALIGNMENT TESTS: Rules of machine instrument alignment testing on lathe, drilling and
milling machines.
Textual content Books:
1. Dimensional Metrology/Connie Dotson/Cengage Studying
2. Engineering Metrology / R.Ok.Jain / Khanna Publishers
References:
1. Engineering Metrology / Mahajan / Dhanpat Rai Publishers
2. Engineering Metrology / I.C.Gupta / Dhanpat Rai Publishers
3. Precision Engineering in Manufacturing / R.L.Murthy / New Age
4. Engineering Metrology and Measurements / NV Raghavendra, L Krishna murthy/ Oxford publishers.
5. Engineering Metrology / KL Narayana/Scitech publishers
Course outcomes:
College students will be capable to design tolerances and matches for chosen product high quality. They will select applicable
methodology and devices for inspection of varied gear parts and thread parts. They will perceive the
requirements of size, angles, they will perceive the analysis of floor end and measure the elements with
varied comparators. The standard of the machine instrument with alignment take a look at can be evaluated by them.
Course Learning Objectives:
The course is designed to
• introduce hydrologic cycle and its relevance to Civil engineering
• make the students understand physical processes in hydrology and, components of
the hydrologic cycle
• appreciate concepts and theory of physical processes and interactions
• learn measurement and estimation of the components hydrologic cycle.
• provide an overview and understanding of Unit Hydrograph theory and its analysis
• understand flood frequency analysis, design flood, flood routing
• appreciate the concepts of groundwater movement and well hydraulics
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course the students are expected to
• have a thorough understanding of the theories and principles governing the
hydrologic processes,
• be able to quantify major hydrologic components and apply key concepts to several
practical areas of engineering hydrology and related design aspects
• develop Intensity-Duration-Frequency and Depth-Area Duration curves to design
hydraulic structures.
• be able to develop design storms and carry out frequency analysis
• be able to determine storage capacity and life of reservoirs.
• develop unit hydrograph and synthetic hydrograph
• be able to estimate flood magnitude and carry out flood routing.
• be able to determine aquifer parameters and yield of wells.
• be able to model hydrologic processes
SYLLABUS:
UNIT I Introduction: Engineering hydrology and its applications, Hydrologic cycle,
hydrological data-sources of data.
Precipitation: Types and forms, measurement, raingauge network, presentation of rainfall
data, average rainfall, continuity and consistency of rainfall data, frequency of rainfall,
Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, Depth-Area-Duration (DAD) curves, Probable
Maximum Precipitation (PMP), design storm
III Year – II Semester
L T P C
4 0 0 3
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING–I
UNIT-II Abstractions from Precipitation: Initial abstractions.
Evaporation: factors affecting, measurement, reduction
Evapotranspiration: factors affecting, measurement, control
Infiltration: factors affecting, Infiltration capacity curve, measurement, infiltration indices.
UNIT-III Runoff: Catchment characteristics, Factors affecting runoff, components,
computation- empirical formulae, tables and curves, stream gauging, rating curve, flow
mass curve and flow duration curve.
Hydrograph analysis: Components of hydrograph, separation of base flow, effective
rainfall hyetograph and direct runoff hydrograph, unit hydrograph, assumptions, derivation
of unit hydrograph, unit hydrographs of different durations, principle of superposition and
S-hydrograph methods, limitations and applications of unit hydrograph, synthetic unit
hydrograph.
UNIT-IV Floods: Causes and effects, frequency analysis- Gumbel’s and Log-Pearson type
III distribution methods, Standard Project Flood (SPF) and Probable Maximum Flood
(MPF), flood control methods and management.
Flood Routing: Hydrologic routing, channel and reservoir routing-Muskingum and Puls
methods of routing.
UNIT-V Groundwater: Occurrence, types of aquifers, aquifer parameters, porosity,
specific yield, permeability, transmissivity and storage coefficient, types of wells, Darcy’s
law, Dupuit’s equation- steady radial flow to wells in confined and unconfined aquifers,
yield of a open well-recuperation test.
UNIT VI Advanced Topics in Hydrology: Rainfall-runoff Modelling, instantaneous unit
hydrograph (IUH) – conceptual models – Clark and Nash models, general hydrological
models- Chow – Kulandaiswamy model.
Text Books:
1. Engineering Hydrology, Jayarami Reddy, P., Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd., (2013),
New Delhi
2. Irrigation and Water Power Engineering, B. C. Punmia, Pande B. B. Lal, Ashok
Kumar Jain and Arun Kumar Jain, Lakshmi Publications (P) Ltd.
References:
1. Engineering Hydrology Subramanya, K, Tata McGraw-Hill Education Pvt Ltd,
(2013),New Delhi.
2. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structure, Santosh Kumar Garg, Khanna
Publishers.
3. Applied hydrology, Chow V. T., D. R Maidment and L.W. Mays, Tata McGraw
Hill Education Pvt Ltd, (2011), New Delhi.
4. Water Resources Engineering, Mays L.W, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, (2013).